Section III defined the colonial 'land for peace' strategy: 1 The Treaty of Middle Plantation at the end of that conflict was signed in 1677 and expanded to include more tribes in 1680. The last major military conflict involving Native Americans in Virginia occurred in Bacon's Rebellion in 1676, a century before the United States was created. Federal officials promised to cease fighting and to provide supplies, in exchange for promises by defeated Native American groups to move to reservations. Reservations west of the Mississippi River were usually commitments of land made by the Federal government during treaty negotiations.

No Federal reservations for Native Americans have ever been created in Virginia, because no treaties were signed between Virginia's tribes and the Federal government to end a war. Only a small remnant of the area designated for use by the Native American tribes ended up as part of the Pamunkey and Mattaponi reservations. The 1632 treaty which ended the Second Anglo-Powhatan War was the first of many efforts to separate the Native Americans from the English. The land within those two reservations was first designated in the 17th Century as an area where the remnants of Powhatan's paramount chiefdom would retain control. Virginia has two state-recognized reservations, both located on tributaries of the York River. The Mattaponi Reservation on the Mattaponi River is on the opposite side of King William County from the Pamunkey Reservation on the Pamunkey River Native American Reservations in Virginia Native American Reservations in Virginia

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